Tympanoplasty also called eardrum repair, refers to surgery performed to reconstruct a perforated tympanic membrane or the small bones of the middle ear. Eardrum perforation may result from chronic infection or, less commonly, from trauma to the eardrum. The tympanic membrane of the ear is a three-layer structure. The outer and inner layers consist of epithelium layers. Perforations occur as a result of defects in the middle layer, which contains elastic collagen fibers.
The primary purpose of the tympanoplasty procedure is to repair the perforation in your tympanic membrane. In ossciuloplasty, if there has been a destruction or disruption of the middle ear bones that help transmit sound to your inner ear, these bones may be repaired with an artificial middle ear prosthesis. Sometimes the surgery is done for attempt at hearing improvement, and sometimes it is done to attempt to reduce the frequency of draining ear infections.
A mastoidectomy is a procedure to remove the mastoid air cells. This can be done as part of treatment for mastoiditis, chronic suppurative otitis media or cholesteatome. In addition, it is sometimes performed as part of other procedure or for access to the middle ear. There are five different types of Mastoidectomy which are Radical Mastoidectomy, Canal Wall Down Mastoidectomy, Canal Wall Up Mastoidectomy, Cortical Mastoidectomy and Modified Radical Mastoidectomy.
A tonsillectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the tonsils. Tonsils are two small glands located in the back of your throat. Tonsillitis is an infection of the tonsils that can make your tonsils swell and give you a sore throat. Frequent episodes of tonsillitis might be a reason you need to have a tonsillectomy. Other symptoms of tonsillitis include fever, trouble swallowing, and swollen glands around your neck. Sometimes, the swelling can go away on its own but in other cases, antibiotics or a tonsillectomy might be necessary.
Adenoidectomy is the surgical removal of the adenoids for reasons which include impaired breathing through the nose, chronic infections, or recurrent earaches. Post-operative pain is generally minimal and reduced by icy or cold foods.
Functional endoscopic sinus surgeries is a surgical treatment of sinusitis and nasal polyps, including bacterial, fungal, recurrent acute and chronic sinus problems. FESS uses nasal endoscopes to restore drainage of the paranasal sinuses and ventilation of the nasal cavity. This procedure is generally used for inflammatory and infectious sinus disease.
The septum is the wall of bone and cartilage that divides your nose into two separate nostrils. A deviated septum occurs when your septum is moved to one side of your nose. Most people with a deviated septum have one nasal passage that’s much smaller than the other. This can cause difficulty breathing. Other symptoms of a deviated septum may include frequent nosebleeds and facil pain. Surgery is the only way to fix a deviated septum. Septoplasty is a surgical procedure to correct a deviated septum. Septoplasty straightens the septum, allowing for better airflow through your nose.
The lateral nasal walls contain 3 pairs each of small, thin, shell-like bones: the superior, middle, and inferior conchae, which form the bony framework of the turbinates. The paired nasal bones project from the frontal processes of the maxilla, superiorly from the nasal process of the frontal bone, and join in the midline. Patients usually present with swelling over the nasal bridge and a difference in the appearance or shape of the nose.
A thyroidectomy is an operation that involves the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. Head and Neck or Endocrine surgeons often perform a thyroidectomy when a patient has thyroid cancer or some other condition of the thyroid gland. Other indications for surgery include cosmetic, or sympotomatic obstruction.
Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is used to treat patients diagnosed with lacrimal sac or nasolacrimal duct obstruction. This can be caused by chronic stenosis of the nasolacrimal duct and can be acquired. Presenting symptoms include excessive epiphora and dacryocystitis. Usually cases have been refractory to conventional treatment such as wwarm compresses, massage and probing the nasal passage.